Dr Iyakaremye yabwiye Imvaho Nshya  ko n’ubwo urwego rw’ubuzima rwateye intambwe nziza mu Rwanda ; ibyo bikagera mu burezi no mu guteza imbere uburinagnire, hakiri zimwe mu nzitizi abantu bakwiye gusobanukirwa mu birebana n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, kuko aribwo pfundo ry’ubuzima bwiza bw’umuntu muri rusange. Yakomeje avuga ko  hari icyuho cy’inzobere z’abaganga muri urwo  rwego. Ibi akaba abishingira ko Abanyarwanda benshi batari bamenya kwivuza indwara z’imitekerereze (maladies mentales et psychiatriques), harimo  izivurwa umuntu atanyoye ibinini cyangwa aterwe inshinge (soins non médicamanteux) ; indwara zikizwa no kugirwa inama n’inzobere yabyize, guhindura imyumvire ndetse n’imwe  mu myifatire. Kuri iyi ngingo, Dr Iyakaremye atanga urugero rw’indwara z’ihungabanya cyangwa  zihahamuka  mu mutwe. Yatanze uregoro rwo muri  Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, aho Abanyarwanda bahahungabaniye, kugeza n’ubu hakaba hakiriho ibikomere byayo kandi imbaraga n’ubushake bigikomeza mu  kwita, ku buryo buhoraho ku bantu bagira ibyo bimenyetso. Kutagira abaganga b’impuguke bahagije, Dr Iyakaremye avuga ko bituma hari imiryango imwe n’imwe  ibinekamo bimwe mu bibazo twavuze haruguru ntisobanukirwe, ngo  ishake  ubujyanama, ndetse bamwe bagahitamo kujya  hanze y’Igihugu, cyane cyane Iburayi. Ibi ngo nibyo byatumye Dr Iyakaremye n’abandi bafatanyije batekereza gushyiraho Ikigo EISEF, gifasha mu birebana n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, uburere  no kugira inama ingo ngo zirusheho gukomera, hifashishijwe  uburyo buhuriza hamwe ubumenyi butandukanye (Interdisciplinarité), hagamijwe kugira inama no kwita ku bantu cyangwa imiryango ifite ibibazo by’ uburwayi bwo mu mutwe, uburere bw’abana cyangwa ibibazo by’imibanire  hagati y’umugabo n’umugore ubwabo.

Zimwe mu nzitizi  zibasira ubuzima bwo mu mutwe

Dr Iyakaremye avuga ko  zimwe mu ndwara zo mu mutwe harimo uburwayi bw’ubwenge bucye bugaragazwa no kudatekereza neza (Handicap mental), mu kinyarwanda bita ubugoryi. Iyi ndwara avuga ko igira ibimenyetso byinshi birimo kubura ubwenge bukwiye, bamwe bakavuga ko umuntu atuzuye mu mutwe (retard mental)  babishingiye uko yitwara, n’uko abaho,  bitajyanye n’ikigero cyangwa imyaka afite. Iyi ndwara ng ishobora kuvukanwa cyangwa se umuntu akaygira abikomoye ko igice cyo mu mutwe kimufasha gutekereza gikize ikibazo, bigatuma ata ubwenge, burundu cyangwa igice kimwe. Hashobora kandi ngo kubaho, ibangamirwa ry’igice cy’ubwonko. Muri gice iyo habayeho ubusembwa ngo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikurire, imivugire, imiterere by’umuntu… nyamara ngo umwana wavutse afite iki kibazo, iyo abonye ubufasha ku nzobere yize logopédie, ashobora gukura neza, ubumuga yari afite bukaba bwashira.

Indi ndwara Dr Iyakaremye avuga ko iboneka mu cyiciro cy’indwara zo mu mutwe ni ukwivugisha (Autisme) yo ikaba iboneka umuntu agaragaza ibimenyetso nko  gutinda kugenda ku mwana muto, kuvuga bitinze ku mwana muto, kugira amahane, gukora ibintu bihabanye, gusakuza kenshi, kwivugisha kandi amagambo atumvikana icyo asobanuye, kwigunga n’ibindi. Gusa umwana ngo ufite iki kibazo ashobora kuba umuhanga mu ishuri  cyangwa  bikanga burundu. Kuvura ubu burwayi bwo mu mutwe bikaba bishoboka iyo umwana abonye ubufasha ku muganga wize ibyo twavuze haruguru. Gusa ngo bisaba ko akurikiranirwa hafi, kugeza agarutse mu murongo nyawo. Habaho kandi ubundi buryayi bwo mu mutwe bugaragazwa no gutinda kuvuga ku mwana (Retard de langage). Ibi bishobora kuba gutinda kuvuga, gutekereza no kuganira n’abandi. Muri iki gihe, umwana akurikiranirwa hafi kandi ku buryo buhoraho, akaryuka ku murongo. Iyo bitinze ngo bimubyarira icyo twise uburwayi bw’imitekerereze (ubugoryi). Habaho kandi kudidimanga no kuvuga vubavuba (Bégaiement et bredouillement). Ubu burwayi bushobora kuboneka ku bantu bakuru kimwe no ku bana. N’ubwo abantu batekereza ko bidakira, Dr Iyakaremye avuga ko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwerekanye ko kudidimanga bishoboka gukira cyangwa se kugabanuka,  ubikora akaba yavuga akumvikana neza bitagoranye. Gusa, ngo  bishoboka cyane ku bana bagejejwe ku  mpuguke z’abaganga hakiri kare, hadategerejwe ko bakura cyane.

Abana n’abantu bakuru ubuzima bwo mu mutwe  burabareba

Ikindi cyimenyetso cyerekana iyo ndwara mu mutwe kiboneka mu kutagira icyo umuntu akunda no kugira imyitwarire idasanzwe (Troubles psycoaffectifs et de comportements). Ibi ngo biboneka ku bantu bakuriye mu miryango irangwagamo amahane, ababyeyi bagira igitsure cyane, bahora bakanga abana, bakabafata nabi. Ibi ngo bibagiraho ingaruka mbi mu ishuri ntibige neza, nabo bagakurana amahane, umujinya,  guhora barota inzozi mbi iyo baryamye, kubura ibitotsi …Ku bana ngo  bibagiraho n’ingaruka yo gusoba  ku buriri (énuresie). Indwara ya Mugiga, kimwe n’indi ngorane yose yagira icyo ibangamira  mu mutwe; nk’indwara ya diyabeti cyangwa ibindi byuririzi nk’ibya SIDA, bishobora  guteza ingaruka mbi mu mutwe,  (Aphasie)  itera  kwibagirwa burundu abantu umuntu yari azi cyangwa se  ibintu yari azi, bikaba byanagera naho umuntu ananirwa kuvuga, kwibuka ibyo yari azi,… Gusa, abaganga  b’impuguke mu mitekerereze bafatanyije n’abandi baganga  nk’abavura ubwonko, ab’indwara zo mu mubiri imbere n’abandi bashobora  kugerageza gufasha abafite ubu burwayi .

Ubundi burwayi bushobora kwibasira mu mutwe ni ukunanirwa kwiga ku mwana kandi ubusanzwe yari abishoboye ( Trouble d’apprentissages scolaires spécifiques). Ibi biboneka  umwana wari usanzwe ari umuhanga ananirwa kwandika cyangwa gusoma no kubara mu mutwe imibare yari asanzwe ashoboye. Nanone  hashobora kubaho kucika intege cyangwa gukubagana cyane bivanze n’amahane (Trouble déficitaire de l’attention avec Hyperactivité)  ku mwana. Ibi bigaragazwa n’imyitwarire yo kuticara hamwe (manque de concentration), kurangara cyane no kurangaza abandi, gusubira inyuma mu manota bitari bisanzwe. Ikigo EISEF cyerekana ko hari n’izindi nzitizi zishobora kwibasira mu mutwe kandi abantu bakunda gusuzugura nyamara, zifite nazo ingaruka mbi ku muntu. Urugero rutangwa ni ubwoba bukabije ku mwana muto mutisme sélectif, bushobora imubuza kwisanzura mu bandi, yaba abo  asanzwe azi cyangwa abo abonye bwa mbere. Iyi ndwara akenshi umwana uyifite afatwa nk’umwana ujunjamye, utari umuhanga,  nyamara iyo  ngo ageze  mu bo yibonamo aravuga, akidagadura. Muri uru rwego, Ikigo EISEF kinavuga ko habaho n’indi ndwara  itera guhora umuntu ahunyiza ku manywa, agahorana umunaniro wa buri gihe, gukora bikagorana kandi  nymara nijoro  aba yasinziriye nta kibazo. Ku bana  cyane abiga mu mashuri, kwiga icyo gihe ngo birabagora cyane,  kuko buri gihe baba bananiwe, ku manywa bagahora bahunyiza. Nibyo bita Narcolepsie cyangwa cataplexis.

Ingaruka ku ikoreshwa nabi ry’imibonano mpuzabitsina

Indi ndwara yibasira mu mutwe ijyanye n’imibonano mpuzabitsina (troubles variés de la sexualité), aho guhohoterwa umuntu agakoreshwa imibonano mpuzabitsina ku ngufu bifite icyo byangiza mu mutwe, ku burezi bw’umwana no mu myigire ye mu muryango. Iyi ndwara ishobora gutuma uwahohotewe, azinukwa cyangwa akagira myitwarire atari afite mbere, bitewe  n’icyo kibazo yahuye nacyo, agahora abiterekeza mu mutwe. Niyo mpamvu abantu bafite bene ibi bibazo mu ngo zabo, mu mibanire nabo bakundana (copinage) baba bakwiye kubonana n’umuganga w’impuguke mu myubakire y’ingo (sexelogue), akabagira inama z’uko abashakanye, cyangwa abakundana buzuza neza inshingano zabo, buri wese akanyurwa, bityo ntihabeho ingaruka mbi ziterwa zisigara mu biterezo kubera  n’ikorwa nabi ry’imibonano mpuzabitsina.

Kapiteni Alexis